He reports progressively worse leg pain on ambulation and has a history of two right lower extremity hernias of the peroneus longus tendon. The muscle hernias are herniations of muscle through fascial defects. The third patient is a 21-year-old man who complains of muscle hernias, which are a potential sequela of compartment syndrome. Compartment recordings showed elevated pressures at 1 minute and 15 minutes postexercise. His pain is present at rest and with exercise. The second patient is a 28-year-old man with worsening leg pain on ambulation. Compartment recordings showed elevated pressures at baseline without elevation postexercise. Her pain is exacerbated by exercise and relieved with rest. The first patient is a 19-year-old female soccer player who has experienced bilateral calf pain for 1.5 years. Methods: The video discusses the case presentation of three patients. This video describes the diagnosis and workup of patients with CECS and demonstrates the surgical technique of fasciotomy used to manage CECS. CECS often is refractory to nonsurgical management unless the inciting activity is completely ceased. This video reviews the important structures in each of the four compartments of the lower leg. CECS most commonly occurs in the anterior compartment. The lower leg is composed of four compartments: anterior, lateral, deep posterior, and superficial posterior. This pressure leads to decreased tissue perfusion and ischemic pain. CECS is caused by increased pressure in the fibro-osseus space. ![]() ![]() Purpose: Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is a disorder commonly seen in athletes and is associated with repetitive exertion.
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